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disease-modifying therapy (DMT) significantly less often than men. The difference was not related to disease severity or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Please see below for resources relating to women’s health and DMTs. Background: Early and ongoing treatment with an approved DMT can help reduce MS relapses, delay progression of disability and limit new inflammation in the central nervous system.MS is more prevalent among women of childbearing age than in any other age group. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any DMTs for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Guidance is evolving on DMT use during these times. It is critical to understand what factors influence the treatment decisions of women and their healthcare providers. The Study: A team from multiple institutions throughout France looked at the probability of being prescribed a DMT among 22,657 people diagnosed with MS. They identified individuals who enrolled in the French MS registry between 1997 and 2022. Individuals were between ages 18 and 40. Nearly 75% were women.The team specifically looked at the annual probability of being prescribed a DMT for a number of years. (The middle point across all individuals was 11.6 years.) They also examined the probability of being prescribed a so-called “highly effective” DMT. For this study, highly effective DMTS included natalizumab, S1PR-modulators (e.g., fingolimod), anti-CD20s (e.g., ocrelizumab), alemtuzumab, cladribine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone. Results: Women were 8% less likely to receive a DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within two years of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period.Women were 20% less likely to receive a highly effective DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within one year of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Teriflunomide, S1Pr modulators, and anti-CD20 antibodies were consistently prescribed less frequently to women than men. This gap narrowed over the years for interferons and natalizumab. Glatiramer acetate and dimethyl fumarate were eventually more frequently prescribed in women than in men. Why does this matter? Women with MS between the ages of 18 and 40 may not be receiving DMTs to the same extent as men. This team did not examine the reasons for treatment choices. It is unclear if the decisions were made by the providers or the individuals with MS.The study does raise the possibility that either providers or women with MS are hesitant to initiate or continue treatment with a DMT during childbearing years. This hesitancy can create what’s called “therapeutic inertia,” a failure to start or escalate treatment despite current guidelines. It can have lasting consequences for the disease course and quality of life. As guidance evolves for women with MS who are actively involved in family planning, it is critical for providers and patients to understand and discuss the risks of treating or not treating with a DMT, so that women with MS can have access to the best quality MS care. This study also raises the importance of targeting women’s health research, so that disparities can be explored and addressed. The National MS Society is currently seeking applications from researchers for novel and impactful research that addresses significant knowledge gaps in the health issues of women with MS. Learn more… Get the facts on Family Planning and Pregnancy for women with MS. Read the most current guidance for healthcare professionals on reproductive health in women living with MS. Learn about the choices for disease-modifying therapy in MS. “Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis” by Antoine Gavoille, Emmanuelle Leray, Romain Marignier, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Guillaume Mathey, Laure Michel, Jerome De Seze, Jonathan Ciron, Aur´elie Ruet, Elisabeth Maillart, Pierre Labauge, Helene Zephir, David Axel Laplaud, Caroline Papeix, Gilles Defer, Thibault Moreau, Eric Berger, Anne-Laure Dubessy, Pierre Clavelou, Eric Thouvenot, Olivier Heinzlef, Jean Pelletier, Abdullatif Al Khedr, Olivier Casez, Bertrand Bourre, Abir Wahab, Laurent Magy, Jean-Philippe Camdessanche, Ines Doghri, Sol`ene Moulin, Celine Labeyrie, Karolina Hankiewicz, Am´elie Dos Santos, Corinne Pottier, Eric Manchon, Maya Tchikviladze, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, and Sandra Vukusic, for the OFSEP investigators, is published in Neurology 2025;105:e213907.Researchers in France report that, among 22,657 people with MS between ages 18 and 40, women were prescribed disease-modifying therapy (DMT) significantly less often than men. The difference was not related to disease severity or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Please see below for resources relating to women’s health and DMTs. Background: Early and ongoing treatment with an approved DMT can help reduce MS relapses, delay progression of disability and limit new inflammation in the central nervous system.MS is more prevalent among women of childbearing age than in any other age group. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any DMTs for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Guidance is evolving on DMT use during these times. It is critical to understand what factors influence the treatment decisions of women and their healthcare providers. The Study: A team from multiple institutions throughout France looked at the probability of being prescribed a DMT among 22,657 people diagnosed with MS. They identified individuals who enrolled in the French MS registry between 1997 and 2022. Individuals were between ages 18 and 40. Nearly 75% were women.The team specifically looked at the annual probability of being prescribed a DMT for a number of years. (The middle point across all individuals was 11.6 years.) They also examined the probability of being prescribed a so-called “highly effective” DMT. For this study, highly effective DMTS included natalizumab, S1PR-modulators (e.g., fingolimod), anti-CD20s (e.g., ocrelizumab), alemtuzumab, cladribine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone. Results: Women were 8% less likely to receive a DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within two years of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period.Women were 20% less likely to receive a highly effective DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within one year of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Teriflunomide, S1Pr modulators, and anti-CD20 antibodies were consistently prescribed less frequently to women than men. This gap narrowed over the years for interferons and natalizumab. Glatiramer acetate and dimethyl fumarate were eventually more frequently prescribed in women than in men. Why does this matter? Women with MS between the ages of 18 and 40 may not be receiving DMTs to the same extent as men. This team did not examine the reasons for treatment choices. It is unclear if the decisions were made by the providers or the individuals with MS.The study does raise the possibility that either providers or women with MS are hesitant to initiate or continue treatment with a DMT during childbearing years. This hesitancy can create what’s called “therapeutic inertia,” a failure to start or escalate treatment despite current guidelines. It can have lasting consequences for the disease course and quality of life. As guidance evolves for women with MS who are actively involved in family planning, it is critical for providers and patients to understand and discuss the risks of treating or not treating with a DMT, so that women with MS can have access to the best quality MS care. This study also raises the importance of targeting women’s health research, so that disparities can be explored and addressed. The National MS Society is currently seeking applications from researchers for novel and impactful research that addresses significant knowledge gaps in the health issues of women with MS. Learn more… Get the facts on Family Planning and Pregnancy for women with MS. Read the most current guidance for healthcare professionals on reproductive health in women living with MS. Learn about the choices for disease-modifying therapy in MS. “Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis” by Antoine Gavoille, Emmanuelle Leray, Romain Marignier, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Guillaume Mathey, Laure Michel, Jerome De Seze, Jonathan Ciron, Aur´elie Ruet, Elisabeth Maillart, Pierre Labauge, Helene Zephir, David Axel Laplaud, Caroline Papeix, Gilles Defer, Thibault Moreau, Eric Berger, Anne-Laure Dubessy, Pierre Clavelou, Eric Thouvenot, Olivier Heinzlef, Jean Pelletier, Abdullatif Al Khedr, Olivier Casez, Bertrand Bourre, Abir Wahab, Laurent Magy, Jean-Philippe Camdessanche, Ines Doghri, Sol`ene Moulin, Celine Labeyrie, Karolina Hankiewicz, Am´elie Dos Santos, Corinne Pottier, Eric Manchon, Maya Tchikviladze, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, and Sandra Vukusic, for the OFSEP investigators, is published in Neurology 2025;105:e213907.disease-modifying therapy (DMT) significantly less often than men. The difference was not related to disease severity or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Please see below for resources relating to women’s health and DMTs. Background: Early and ongoing treatment with an approved DMT can help reduce MS relapses, delay progression of disability and limit new inflammation in the central nervous system.MS is more prevalent among women of childbearing age than in any other age group. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any DMTs for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Guidance is evolving on DMT use during these times. It is critical to understand what factors influence the treatment decisions of women and their healthcare providers. The Study: A team from multiple institutions throughout France looked at the probability of being prescribed a DMT among 22,657 people diagnosed with MS. They identified individuals who enrolled in the French MS registry between 1997 and 2022. Individuals were between ages 18 and 40. Nearly 75% were women.The team specifically looked at the annual probability of being prescribed a DMT for a number of years. (The middle point across all individuals was 11.6 years.) They also examined the probability of being prescribed a so-called “highly effective” DMT. For this study, highly effective DMTS included natalizumab, S1PR-modulators (e.g., fingolimod), anti-CD20s (e.g., ocrelizumab), alemtuzumab, cladribine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone. Results: Women were 8% less likely to receive a DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within two years of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period.Women were 20% less likely to receive a highly effective DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within one year of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Teriflunomide, S1Pr modulators, and anti-CD20 antibodies were consistently prescribed less frequently to women than men. This gap narrowed over the years for interferons and natalizumab. Glatiramer acetate and dimethyl fumarate were eventually more frequently prescribed in women than in men. Why does this matter? Women with MS between the ages of 18 and 40 may not be receiving DMTs to the same extent as men. This team did not examine the reasons for treatment choices. It is unclear if the decisions were made by the providers or the individuals with MS.The study does raise the possibility that either providers or women with MS are hesitant to initiate or continue treatment with a DMT during childbearing years. This hesitancy can create what’s called “therapeutic inertia,” a failure to start or escalate treatment despite current guidelines. It can have lasting consequences for the disease course and quality of life. As guidance evolves for women with MS who are actively involved in family planning, it is critical for providers and patients to understand and discuss the risks of treating or not treating with a DMT, so that women with MS can have access to the best quality MS care. This study also raises the importance of targeting women’s health research, so that disparities can be explored and addressed. The National MS Society is currently seeking applications from researchers for novel and impactful research that addresses significant knowledge gaps in the health issues of women with MS. Learn more… Get the facts on Family Planning and Pregnancy for women with MS. Read the most current guidance for healthcare professionals on reproductive health in women living with MS. Learn about the choices for disease-modifying therapy in MS. “Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis” by Antoine Gavoille, Emmanuelle Leray, Romain Marignier, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Guillaume Mathey, Laure Michel, Jerome De Seze, Jonathan Ciron, Aur´elie Ruet, Elisabeth Maillart, Pierre Labauge, Helene Zephir, David Axel Laplaud, Caroline Papeix, Gilles Defer, Thibault Moreau, Eric Berger, Anne-Laure Dubessy, Pierre Clavelou, Eric Thouvenot, Olivier Heinzlef, Jean Pelletier, Abdullatif Al Khedr, Olivier Casez, Bertrand Bourre, Abir Wahab, Laurent Magy, Jean-Philippe Camdessanche, Ines Doghri, Sol`ene Moulin, Celine Labeyrie, Karolina Hankiewicz, Am´elie Dos Santos, Corinne Pottier, Eric Manchon, Maya Tchikviladze, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, and Sandra Vukusic, for the OFSEP investigators, is published in Neurology 2025;105:e213907.Researchers in France report that, among 22,657 people with MS between ages 18 and 40, women were prescribed disease-modifying therapy (DMT) significantly less often than men. The difference was not related to disease severity or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Please see below for resources relating to women’s health and DMTs. Background: Early and ongoing treatment with an approved DMT can help reduce MS relapses, delay progression of disability and limit new inflammation in the central nervous system.MS is more prevalent among women of childbearing age than in any other age group. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved any DMTs for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Guidance is evolving on DMT use during these times. It is critical to understand what factors influence the treatment decisions of women and their healthcare providers. The Study: A team from multiple institutions throughout France looked at the probability of being prescribed a DMT among 22,657 people diagnosed with MS. They identified individuals who enrolled in the French MS registry between 1997 and 2022. Individuals were between ages 18 and 40. Nearly 75% were women.The team specifically looked at the annual probability of being prescribed a DMT for a number of years. (The middle point across all individuals was 11.6 years.) They also examined the probability of being prescribed a so-called “highly effective” DMT. For this study, highly effective DMTS included natalizumab, S1PR-modulators (e.g., fingolimod), anti-CD20s (e.g., ocrelizumab), alemtuzumab, cladribine, cyclophosphamide, and mitoxantrone. Results: Women were 8% less likely to receive a DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within two years of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period.Women were 20% less likely to receive a highly effective DMT than men with similar disease severity. This difference was apparent within one year of diagnosis. It was not related to age or pregnancy/the postpartum period. Teriflunomide, S1Pr modulators, and anti-CD20 antibodies were consistently prescribed less frequently to women than men. This gap narrowed over the years for interferons and natalizumab. Glatiramer acetate and dimethyl fumarate were eventually more frequently prescribed in women than in men. Why does this matter? Women with MS between the ages of 18 and 40 may not be receiving DMTs to the same extent as men. This team did not examine the reasons for treatment choices. It is unclear if the decisions were made by the providers or the individuals with MS.The study does raise the possibility that either providers or women with MS are hesitant to initiate or continue treatment with a DMT during childbearing years. This hesitancy can create what’s called “therapeutic inertia,” a failure to start or escalate treatment despite current guidelines. It can have lasting consequences for the disease course and quality of life. As guidance evolves for women with MS who are actively involved in family planning, it is critical for providers and patients to understand and discuss the risks of treating or not treating with a DMT, so that women with MS can have access to the best quality MS care. This study also raises the importance of targeting women’s health research, so that disparities can be explored and addressed. The National MS Society is currently seeking applications from researchers for novel and impactful research that addresses significant knowledge gaps in the health issues of women with MS. Learn more… Get the facts on Family Planning and Pregnancy for women with MS. Read the most current guidance for healthcare professionals on reproductive health in women living with MS. Learn about the choices for disease-modifying therapy in MS. “Sex-Related Gap in the Use of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis” by Antoine Gavoille, Emmanuelle Leray, Romain Marignier, Fabien Rollot, Romain Casey, Guillaume Mathey, Laure Michel, Jerome De Seze, Jonathan Ciron, Aur´elie Ruet, Elisabeth Maillart, Pierre Labauge, Helene Zephir, David Axel Laplaud, Caroline Papeix, Gilles Defer, Thibault Moreau, Eric Berger, Anne-Laure Dubessy, Pierre Clavelou, Eric Thouvenot, Olivier Heinzlef, Jean Pelletier, Abdullatif Al Khedr, Olivier Casez, Bertrand Bourre, Abir Wahab, Laurent Magy, Jean-Philippe Camdessanche, Ines Doghri, Sol`ene Moulin, Celine Labeyrie, Karolina Hankiewicz, Am´elie Dos Santos, Corinne Pottier, Eric Manchon, Maya Tchikviladze, Christine Lebrun-Frenay, and Sandra Vukusic, for the OFSEP investigators, is published in Neurology 2025;105:e213907.nationalmssociety.org, Facebook , X (formerly known as Twitter), Instagram , YouTube or 1-800-344-4867 . " c-nmssatomrichtext_nmssatomrichtext-host="">About Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is an unpredictable disease of the central nervous system. Currently there is no cure. Symptoms vary from person to person and may include disabling fatigue, mobility challenges, cognitive changes, and vision issues. An estimated 1 million people live with MS in the United States. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to minimize disability. Significant progress is being made to achieve a world free of MS. About the National Multiple Sclerosis Society The National MS Society, founded in 1946, is the global leader of a growing movement dedicated to creating a world free of MS. The Society funds cutting-edge research for a cure, drives change through advocacy and provides programs and services to help people affected by MS live their best lives. Connect to learn more and get involved: nationalmssociety.org , Facebook , X (formerly known as Twitter), Instagram , YouTube or 1-800-344-4867 . nationalmssociety.org, Facebook , X (formerly known as Twitter), Instagram , YouTube or 1-800-344-4867 . " c-nmssatomrichtext_nmssatomrichtext-host="">About Multiple Sclerosis Multiple sclerosis is an unpredictable disease of the central nervous system. Currently there is no cure. Symptoms vary from person to person and may include disabling fatigue, mobility challenges, cognitive changes, and vision issues. An estimated 1 million people live with MS in the United States. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to minimize disability. Significant progress is being made to achieve a world free of MS. About the National Multiple Sclerosis Society The National MS Society, founded in 1946, is the global leader of a growing movement dedicated to creating a world free of MS. The Society funds cutting-edge research for a cure, drives change through advocacy and provides programs and services to help people affected by MS live their best lives. Connect to learn more and get involved: nationalmssociety.org , Facebook , X (formerly known as Twitter), Instagram , YouTube or 1-800-344-4867 .
women access DMT